Grade-Level Indicators
SOCIAL STUDIES
Grade Six
GRADE SIX
History Standard
People in Societies Standard
Geography Standard
Economics Standard
Government Standard
Citizenship Rights and Responsibilities Standard
Social Studies Skills and Methods Standard
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History Standard
Students use materials drawn from the
diversity of human experience to analyze and interpret significant
events, patterns and themes in the history of Ohio, the United States
and the world.
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Benchmark A. Interpret
relationships
between events shown on multiple-tier time lines.
Chronology 1. Construct a multiple-tier time line from a list of events and interpret the relationships between the events. 2. Arrange dates in order on a time line using the conventions of BC and AD or BCE and CE. Benchmark B. Describe the political and social characteristics of early civilizations and their enduring impact on later civilizations. Early Civilizations 3. Describe the early cultural development of humankind from the Paleolithic Era to the revolution of agriculture including a. Hunting and gathering b. Tool making c. Use of fire d. Domestication of plants and animals e. Organizing societies f. Governance 4. Compare the geographic, political, economic and social characteristics of the river civilizations in the Tigris and Euphrates (Mesopotamia), Nile (Egypt), Huang Ho and Indus valleys before 1000 BC including a. Location b. Government c. Religion d. Agriculture e. Cultural and scientific contributions Benchmark C. Describe the characteristics of feudal societies and the transition to the Renaissance and Reformation in Europe. No indicators present for this benchmark. Benchmark D. Describe the effects of interactions among civilizations during the 14th through the 18th centuries. The First Global Age 5. Describe the characteristics of Maya, Inca, Aztec and Mississippian civilizations including a. Location b. Government c. Religion d. Agriculture e. Cultural and scientific contributions Benchmark E. Explain the causes and consequences of the American Revolution, with emphasis on both Colonial and British perspectives. No indicators present for this benchmark. Benchmark F. Explain the political and economic challenges faced by the United States after the Revolutionary War and the actions that resulted in the adoption of the U.S. Constitution. No indicators present for this benchmark. Benchmark G. Analyze the causes and consequences of the American Civil War. No indicators present for this benchmark. Geography Standard Students use knowledge of geographic locations, patterns and processes to show the interrelationship between the physical environment and human activity, and to explain the interactions that occur in an increasingly interdependent world. Economics Standard Students use economic reasoning skills and knowledge of major economic concepts, issues and systems in order to make informed choices as producers, consumers, savers, investors, workers and citizens in an interdependent world. Government Standard Students use knowledge of the purposes, structures and processes of political systems at the local, state, national and international levels in order to understand that people create systems of government as structures of power and authority to provide order, maintain stability and promote the general welfare. Social Studies Skills and Methods Standard Students collect, organize, evaluate and synthesize information from multiple sources in order to draw logical conclusions. Students communicate this information using appropriate social studies terminology in oral, written or multimedia form and apply what they have learned to societal issues in simulated or real-world settings. |
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People in Societies Standard
Students use knowledge of perspectives,
practices and products of cultural, ethnic and social groups to analyze
the impact
of their commonality and diversity within local, national, regional and
global settings.
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Benchmark A. Compare cultural
practices,
products and perspectives of past civilizations in order to understand
commonality
and diversity of cultures.
Cultures 1. Compare the cultural practices and products of the societies studied including a. Class structure b. Gender roles c. Beliefs d. Customs and traditions 2. Compare world religions and belief systems focusing on geographic origins, founding leaders and teachings including a. Buddhism b. Christianity c. Judaism d. Hinduism e. Islam Benchmark B. Analyze examples of interactions between cultural groups and explain the factors that contribute to cooperation and conflict. Interaction 3. Explain factors that foster conflict or cooperation among countries a. Language b. Religion c. Types of government d. Historic relationships e. Economic interests Benchmark C. Explain how contact between different cultures impacts the diffusion of belief systems, art, science, technology, language and forms of government. No indicators present for this benchmark. |
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Geography Standard
Students use knowledge of geographic
locations, patterns and processes to show the interrelationship between
the physical environment and human activity, and to explain the
interactions that occur in an increasingly interdependent world.
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| Benchmark A. Identify on
a map the location of major physical and human features of each
continent. Location 1. Place countries, cities, deserts, mountain ranges and bodies of water on the continents on which they are located. 2. Use coordinates of latitude and longitude to locate points on a world map. Benchmark B. Define and identify regions using human and physical characteristics. Places and Regions 3. Explain the distribution patterns of economic activities and how changes in technology, transportation, communication and resources affect those patterns including a. Agriculture b. Mining c. Fishing d. Manufacturing 4. Identify and describe a variety of physical and human regions by analyzing maps, charts and graphs that show patterns of characteristics that define regions. Benchmark C. Explain how the environment influences the way people live in different places and the consequences of modifying the environment. Human Environmental Interaction 5. Describe ways human settlements and activities are influenced by environmental factors and processes in different places and regions including a. Bodies of water b. Landforms c. Climates d. Vegetation e. Weathering f. Seismic activity 6. Describe ways in which human migration has an impact on the physical and human characteristics of places including a. Urbanization b. Desertification c. Deforestation 7. Describe ways humans depend on and modify the environment and the positive and negative consequences of the modifications including a. Dam building b. Energy production/usage c. Agriculture d. Urban growth Benchmark D. Explain reasons that people, products and ideas move from place to place and the effects of that movement on geographic patterns. Movement 8. Explain push and pull factors that cause people to migrate from place to place including a. Oppression/freedom b. Poverty/economic opportunity c. Cultural ties d. Political conflicts e. Environmental factors 9. Identify and explain primary geographic causes for world trade including the uneven distribution of natural resources. |
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Economics Standard
Students use economic reasoning skills
and
knowledge of major economic concepts, issues and systems in order to
make
informed choices as producers, consumers, savers, investors, workers
and
citizens in an interdependent world.
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Scarcity and Resource Allocation 1. Explain how the availability of productive resources and entrepreneurship affects the production of goods and services in different world regions. 2. Explain that most decisions involve trade-offs and give examples. Benchmark B. Explain why trade occurs and how historical patterns of trade have contributed to global interdependence. Markets 3. Explain why trade occurs when individuals, regions and countries specialize in what they can produce at the lowest opportunity cost and how this causes both production and consumption to increase. 4. Identify goods and services that are imported and exported and explain how this trade makes countries interdependent. 5. Describe how supply and demand help to set the market clearing price for goods and services and how prices reflect the relative scarcity of goods and services. Benchmark C. Identify connections between government policies and the economy. Government and the Economy 6. Distinguish between goods and services typically produced by the private sector and the public sector. |
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Government Standard
Students use knowledge of the purposes, structures and processes of political systems at the local, state, national and international levels in order to understand that people create systems of government as structures of power and authority to provide order, maintain stability and promote the general welfare. |
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Benchmark A. Explain why people
institute
governments, how they influence governments, and how governments
interact
with each other.
Role of Government 1. Explain reasons for the creation of governments such as a. Protecting lives, liberty and property b. Providing services that individuals cannot provide for themselves 2. Describe how the world is divided into countries that claim sovereignty over territory, and countries may be further divided into states or provinces that contain cities and towns. 3. Explain the ways that countries interact with each other including a. Diplomacy b. Treaties c. International meetings and exchanges, e.g., United Nations d. Military conflict Benchmark B. Explain how the Declaration of Independence, the U.S. Constitution, including the Bill of Rights, and the Northwest Ordinance have provided for the protection of rights and the long-term future of a growing democracy. No indicators present for this benchmark. Benchmark C. Compare the defining characteristics of democracies, monarchies and dictatorships. Systems of Government 4. Describe the defining characteristics of democracies, monarchies and dictatorships. |
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Citizenship Rights and Responsibilities
Standard
Students use knowledge of the rights and
responsibilities of citizenship in order to examine and evaluate civic
ideals and to participate in community life and the American democratic
system.
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Benchmark A. Explain why people
institute
governments, how they influence governments, and how governments
interact
with each other.
Role of Government 1. Explain reasons for the creation of governments such as a. Protecting lives, liberty and property b. Providing services that individuals cannot provide for themselves 2. Describe how the world is divided into countries that claim sovereignty over territory, and countries may be further divided into states or provinces that contain cities and towns. 3. Explain the ways that countries interact with each other including a. Diplomacy b. Treaties c. International meetings and exchanges, e.g., United Nations d. Military conflict Benchmark B. Explain how the Declaration of Independence, the U.S. Constitution, including the Bill of Rights, and the Northwest Ordinance have provided for the protection of rights and the long-term future of a growing democracy. No indicators present for this benchmark. Benchmark C. Compare the defining characteristics of democracies, monarchies and dictatorships. Systems of Government 4. Describe the defining characteristics of democracies, monarchies and dictatorships. Citizenship Rights and Responsibilities Standard Students use knowledge of the rights and responsibilities of citizenship in order to examine and evaluate civic ideals and to participate in community life and the American democratic system. Benchmark A. Show the relationship between civic participation and attainment of civic and public goals. Participation 1. Explain how opportunities for citizens to participate in and influence the political process differ under various systems of government. Benchmark B. Identify historical origins that influenced the rights U.S. citizens have today. Rights and Responsibilities 2. Compare the rights and responsibilities of citizens living under various systems of government. |
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Social Studies Skills and Methods Standard
Students collect, organize, evaluate
and synthesize information from multiple sources in order to draw
logical
conclusions. Students communicate this information using appropriate
social
studies terminology in oral, written or multimedia form and apply what
they
have learned to societal issues in simulated or real-world settings.
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Obtaining Information 1. Use multiple sources to define essential vocabulary and obtain information for a research project including a. Almanacs b. Gazetteers c. Trade books d. Periodicals e. Video tapes f. Electronic sources Benchmark B. Organize historical information in text or graphic format and analyze the information in order to draw conclusions. Thinking and Organizing 2. Analyze information from primary and secondary sources in order to summarize, make generalizations and draw conclusions. 3. Organize information using outlines and graphic organizers. 4. Read and interpret pictographs, bar graphs, line graphs, circle graphs, tables and flow charts. Benchmark C. Present a position and support it with evidence and citation of sources. Communicating Information 5. Complete a research project that includes a bibliography. 6. Communicate a position on a topic orally or in writing and support the position with evidence. Benchmark D. Work effectively in a group. Problem Solving 7. Work effectively to achieve group goals a. Engage in active listening b. Provide feedback in a constructive manner c. Help establish group goals d. Take various roles within the group e. Recognize contributions of others |
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