Correlation of Ohio’s K-12 Benchmarks and Grade-Level Indicators
WRITING
5 - 7

Communication: Oral and Visual Standard

Writing Process Standard

Writing Process Standard Grades 5-7
Ohio Benchmarks Grades 5-7	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 5	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 6	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 7
A. Generate writing topics and establish a purpose appropriate for the audience.	1. Generate writing ideas through discussions with others and from printed material, and keep a list of writing ideas. 2. Conduct background reading, interviews or surveys when appropriate. 3. State and develop a clear main idea for writing.	1. Generate writing ideas through discussions with others and from printed material, and keep a list of writing ideas. 2. Conduct background reading, interviews or surveys when appropriate. 3. Establish a thesis statement for informational writing or a plan for narrative writing.	1. Generate writing ideas through discussions with others and from printed material, and keep a list of writing ideas. 2. Conduct background reading, interviews or surveys when appropriate. 3. Establish a thesis statement for informational writing or a plan for narrative writing.
B. Determine audience and purpose for self-selected and assigned writing tasks.	4. Determine a purpose and audience.	4. Determine a purpose and audience.	4. Determine a purpose and audience.
C. Clarify ideas for writing assignments by using graphics or other organizers.	5. Use organizational strategies (e.g., rough outlines, diagrams, maps, webs and Venn diagrams) to plan writing.	5. Use organizational strategies (e.g., rough outlines, diagrams, maps, webs and Venn diagrams) to plan writing.	5. Use organizational strategies (e.g., rough outlines, diagrams, maps, webs and Venn diagrams) to plan writing.
Writing Process Standard Grades 5-7
Ohio Benchmarks Grades 5-7	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 5	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 6	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 7
D. Use revision strategies to improve the overall organization, the clarity and consistency of ideas within and among paragraphs and the logic and effectiveness of word choices.	6. Organize writing beginning with an introduction, body and a resolution of plot, followed by a closing statement or a summary of important ideas and details. 7. Vary simple, compound and complex sentence structures. 8. Group related ideas into paragraphs, including topic sentences following paragraph form, and maintain a consistent focus across paragraphs. 9. Vary language and style as appropriate to audience and purpose.	6. Organize writing, beginning with an introduction, body and a resolution of plot, followed by a closing statement or a summary of important ideas and details. 7. Vary simple, compound and complex sentence structures. 8. Group related ideas into paragraphs including topic sentences following paragraph form, and maintain a consistent focus across paragraphs. 9. Vary language and style as appropriate to audience and purpose.	6. Organize writing with an effective and engaging introduction, body and a conclusion that summarizes, extends or elaborates on points or ideas in the writing. 7. Vary simple, compound and complex sentence structures. 8. Group related ideas into paragraphs including topic sentences following paragraph form, and maintain a consistent focus across paragraphs. 9. Use precise language, action verbs, sensory details, colorful modifiers and style as appropriate to audience and purpose.
Writing Process Standard Grades 5-7
Ohio Benchmarks Grades 5-7	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 5	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 6	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 7
D. Use revision strategies to improve the overall organization, the clarity and consistency of ideas within and among paragraphs and the logic and effectiveness of word choices.	10. Use available technology to compose text. 11. Reread and assess writing for clarity, using a variety of methods (e.g., writer’s circle or author’s chair). 12. Add and delete information and details to better elaborate on a stated central idea and to more effectively accomplish purpose. 13. Rearrange words, sentences and paragraphs, and add transitional words and phrases to clarify meaning.	10. Use available technology to compose text. 11. Reread and analyze clarity of writing. 12. Add and delete information and details to better elaborate on a stated central idea and to more effectively accomplish purpose. 13. Rearrange words, sentences and paragraphs, and add transitional words and phrases to clarify meaning.	10. Use available technology to compose text. 11. Reread and analyze clarity of writing. 12. Add and delete information and details to better elaborate on a stated central idea and to more effectively accomplish purpose. 13. Rearrange words, sentences and paragraphs, and add transitional words and phrases to clarify meaning.
E. Select more effective vocabulary when editing by using a variety of resources and reference materials.	14. Use resources and reference materials (e.g., dictionaries and thesauruses) to select more effective vocabulary.	14. Use resources and reference materials (e.g., dictionaries and thesauruses) to select more effective vocabulary.	14. Use resources and reference materials (e.g., dictionaries and thesauruses) to select more effective vocabulary.
Writing Process Standard Grades 5-7
Ohio Benchmarks Grades 5-7	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 5	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 6	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 7
F. Edit to improve fluency, grammar and usage.	15. Proofread writing, edit to improve conventions (e.g., grammar, spelling, punctuation and capitalization) and identify and correct fragments and run-ons.	15. Proofread writing, edit to improve conventions (e.g., grammar, spelling, punctuation and capitalization) and identify and correct fragments and run-ons.	15. Proofread writing, edit to improve conventions (e.g., grammar, spelling, punctuation and capitalization) and identify and correct fragments and run-ons.
G. Apply tools to judge the quality of writing.	16. Apply tools (e.g., rubric, checklist and feedback) to judge the quality of writing.	16. Apply tools (e.g., rubric, checklist and feedback) to judge the quality of writing.	16. Apply tools (e.g., rubric, checklist and feedback) to judge the quality of writing.
H. Prepare writing for publication that is legible, follows an appropriate format and uses techniques such as electronic resources and graphics.	17. Prepare for publication (e.g., for display or for sharing with others) writing that follows a format appropriate to the purpose, using techniques such as electronic resources and graphics to enhance the final product.	17. Prepare for publication (e.g., for display or for sharing with others) writing that follows a format appropriate to the purpose, using such techniques as electronic resources, principles of design (e.g., margins, tabs, spacing and columns) and graphics (e.g., drawings, charts and graphs) to enhance the final product.	17. Prepare for publication (e.g., for display or for sharing with others) writing that follows a format appropriate to the purpose, using such techniques as electronic resources, principles of design (e.g., margins, tabs, spacing and columns) and graphics (e.g., drawings, charts and graphs) to enhance the final product.

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Writing Applications Standard

? Expectations for producing informal writings for various purposes are delineated at all grades K-12 within the grade-level indicators. Teachers have many opportunities to observe students engaged in activities related to these skills.

Writing Applications Standard Grades 5-7
Ohio Benchmarks Grades 5-7	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 5	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 6	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 7
A. Use narrative strategies (e.g., dialogue an action) to develop characters, plot and setting and maintain a consistent point of view.	1. Write narratives with a consistent point of view, using sensory details and dialogue to develop characters and setting.	1. Write narratives that maintain a clear focus and point of view and use sensory details and dialogue to develop plot, characters, and a specific setting.	1. Write narratives that maintain a clear focus and point of view and use sensory details and dialogue to develop plot, character and a specific setting.
B. Write responses to literature that extend beyond the summary and support judgments through references to the text.	2. Write responses to novels, stories and poems that organize an interpretation around several clear ideas, and justify the interpretation through the use of examples and to specific textual evidence.	2. Write responses to novels, stories, poems and plays that provide an interpretation, critique or reflection and support judgments with specific references to the text.	2. Write responses to novels, stories, poems and plays that provide an interpretation, a critique or reflection and support judgments with specific references to the text.
C. Produce letters (e.g., business, letters to the editor, job applications) that address audience needs, stated purpose and context in a clear and efficient manner.	3. Write letters that state the purpose, make requests or give compliments and use business letter format.	3. Write letters that state the purpose, make requests or give compliments and use business letter format.	3. Write business letters that are formatted to convey ideas, state problems, make requests or give compliments.
Writing Applications Standard Grades 5-7
Ohio Benchmarks Grades 5-7	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 5	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 6	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 7
D. Produce informational essays or reports that convey a clear and accurate perspective and support the main ideas with facts, details, examples and explanations.	4. Write informational essays or reports, including research, that organize information with a clear introduction, body and conclusion following common expository structures when appropriate (e.g., cause-effect, comparison-contrast) and include facts, details and examples to illustrate important ideas.	4. Write informational essay or reports, including research, that present a literal understanding of the topic, include specific facts, details and examples from multiple sources and create an organizing structure appropriate to the purpose, audience and context.	4. Write informational essays or reports, including research, that present a literal understanding of the topic, include specific facts, details and examples from multiple sources, and create an organizing structure appropriate to the purpose, audience and context.
E. Use persuasive strategies, including establishing a clear position in support of a proposition or proposal with organized and relevant evidence.		5. Write persuasive essays that establish a clear position and include organized and relevant information to support ideas.	5. Write persuasive essays that establish a clear position and include relevant information to support ideas.

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Writing Conventions Standard

Writing Conventions Standard

Grades 5-7

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades 5-7

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 5

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 6

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 7

A. Use correct spelling conventions.

1. Spell high-frequency words correctly.

2. Spell contractions correctly.

3. Spell roots, suffixes and prefixes correctly.

1. Spell frequently misspelled and high-frequency words correctly.

1. Spell high-frequency words correctly.

B. Use conventions of punctuation and capitalization in written work.

4. Use commas, end marks, apostrophes and quotation marks correctly.

5. Use correct capitalization.

2. Use commas, end marks, apostrophes and quotation marks correctly.

3. Use semicolons, colons, hyphens, dashes and brackets.

4. Use correct capitalization.

2. Use commas, end marks, apostrophes and quotation marks correctly.

3. Use semicolons, colons, hyphens, dashes and brackets correctly.

4. Use correct capitalization.

Writing Conventions Standard Grades 5-7
Ohio Benchmarks Grades 5-7	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 5	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 6	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 7
C. Use grammatical structures to effectively communicate ideas in writing.	6. Use various parts of speech, such as nouns, pronouns and verbs (regular and irregular). 7. Use prepositions and prepositional phrases. 8. Use adverbs. 9. Use objective and nominative case pronouns. 10. Use indefinite and relative pronouns. 11. Use conjunctions and interjections.	5. Use all eight parts of speech (e.g., noun, pronoun, verb, adverb, adjective, conjunction, preposition, interjection). 6. Use verbs, including perfect tenses, transitive and intransitive verbs and linking verbs. 7. Use nominative, objective, possessive, indefinite and relative pronouns. 8. Use subject-verb agreement with collective nouns, indefinite pronouns, compound subjects and prepositional phrases.	5. Use all eight parts of speech (e.g., noun, pronoun, verb, adverb, adjective, conjunction, preposition, interjection). 6. Use dependent and independent clauses. 7. Use subject-verb agreement with collective nouns, indefinite pronouns, compound subjects and prepositional phrases. 8. Conjugate regular and irregular verbs in all tenses correctly.

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Research Standard

Research Standard

Grades 5-7

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades 5-7

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 5

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 6

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 7

A. Formulate open-ended research questions suitable for inquiry and investigation and develop a plan for gathering information.

1. Generate a topic, assigned or personal interest, and open-ended questions for research and develop a plan for gathering information.

B. Locate and summarize important information from multiple sources.

2. Locate sources and gather relevant information from multiple sources (e.g., school library catalogs, online databases, electronic resources and Internet-based resources).

2. Identify appropriate sources, and gather relevant information from multiple sources (e.g., school library catalogs, online databases, electronic resources and Internet-based resources).

3. Identify elements of validity in sources including publication date, coverage, language, points of view, and discuss primary and secondary sources.

2. Identify appropriate sources and gather relevant information from multiple sources (e.g., school library catalogs, online databases, electronic resources and Internet-based resources).

3. Identify and explain the importance of validity in sources, including publication date, coverage, language, points of view and describe primary and secondary sources.

Research Standard

Grades 5-7

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades 5-7

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 5

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 6

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 7

C. Organize information in a systemic way.

3. Identify important information found in sources and paraphrase the findings in a systematic way (e.g., notes, outlines, charts, tables or graphic organizers).

4. Compare and contrast important findings and select sources to support central ideas, concepts and themes.

4. Identify important information found in sources and paraphrase the findings in a systematic way (e.g., notes, outlines, charts, tables, graphic organizers).

5. Compare and contrast important findings and select sources to support central ideas, concepts and themes.

4. Select an appropriate structure for organizing information in a systematic way (e.g., notes, outlines, charts, tables and graphic organizers).

5. Analyze and organize important information, and select appropriate sources to support central ideas, concepts and themes.

D. Acknowledge quoted and paraphrased information and document sources used.

5. Define plagiarism and acknowledge sources of information.

6. Use quotations to support ideas.

7. Use an appropriate form of documentation, with teacher assistance, to acknowledge sources (e.g., bibliography, works cited).

6. Integrate quotations and citations into written text to maintain a flow of ideas.

7. Use an appropriate form of documentation, with teacher assistance, to acknowledge sources (e.g., bibliography, works cited).

Research Standard Grades 5-7
Ohio Benchmarks Grades 5-7	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 5	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 6	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 7
E. Communicate findings orally, visually and in writing or through multimedia.	6. Use a variety of communication techniques, including oral, visual, written or multimedia reports, to present information gathered.	8. Use a variety of communication techniques, including oral, visual, written or multimedia reports, to present information that supports a clear position with organized and relevant evidence about the topic or research question.	8. Use a variety of communication techniques, including oral, visual, written or multimedia reports, to present information that supports a clear position with organized and relevant evidence about the topic or research question.

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Communication: Oral and Visual Standard

Communication: Oral and Visual Standard Grades 5-7
Ohio Benchmarks Grades 5-7	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 5	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 6	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 7
A. Use effective listening strategies, summarize major ideas and draw logical inferences from presentations and visual media.	1. Demonstrate active listening strategies (e.g., asking focused questions, responding to cues, making visual contact). 2. Interpret the main idea and draw conclusions from oral presentations and visual media.	1. Demonstrate active listening strategies (e.g., asking focused questions, responding to cues, making visual contact). 2. Summarize the main idea and draw conclusions from presentations and visual media.	1. Demonstrate active listening strategies (e.g., asking focused questions, responding to cues, making visual contact). 2. Draw logical inferences from presentations and visual media.
B. Explain a speaker’s point of view and use of persuasive techniques in presentations and visual media.	3. Identify the speaker’s purpose in presentations and visual media (e.g., to inform, to entertain, to persuade). 4. Discuss how facts and opinions are used to shape the opinions of listeners and viewers.	3. Interpret the speaker’s purpose in presentations and visual media (e.g., to inform, to entertain, to persuade). 4. Identify the persuasive techniques (e.g., bandwagon, testimonial, glittering generalities, emotional word repetition and bait and switch) used in presentations and media messages.	3. Interpret the speaker’s purpose in presentations and visual media (e.g., to inform, to entertain, to persuade). 4. Identify and explain the persuasive techniques (e.g., bandwagon, testimonial, glittering generalities, emotional word repetition and bait and switch) used in presentations and media messages.

Communication: Oral and Visual Standard

Grades 5-7

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades 5-7

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 5

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 6

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 7

C. Vary language choice and use effective presentation techniques, including voice modulation and enunciation.

5. Demonstrate an understanding of the rules of the English language and select language appropriate to purpose and audience.

6. Use clear diction, pitch, tempo and tone, and adjust volume and tempo to stress important ideas.

7. Adjust speaking content according to the needs of the situation, setting and audience.

5. Demonstrate an understanding of the rules of the English language and select language appropriate to purpose and audience.

6. Use clear diction and tone, and adjust volume, phrasing and tempo to stress important ideas.

7. Adjust speaking content and style according to the needs of the situation, setting and audience.

5. Demonstrate an understanding of the rules of the English language and select language appropriate to purpose and audience.

6. Adjust volume, phrasing, enunciation, voice modulation and inflection to stress important ideas and impact audience response.

7. Vary language choices as appropriate to the context of the speech.

Communication: Oral and Visual Standard

Grades 5-7

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades 5-7

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 5

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 6

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 7

D. Select an organizational structure appropriate to the topic, audience, setting and purpose.

8. Deliver informational presentations (e.g., expository, research) that:

a. demonstrate an understanding of the topic and present events or ideas in a logical sequence;

b. support the main idea with relevant facts, details, examples, quotations, statistics, stories and anecdotes;

c. organize information, including a clear introduction, body and conclusion and follow common organizational structures when appropriate (e.g., cause-effect, compare-contrast);

d. use appropriate visual materials (e.g., diagrams, charts, illustrations) and available technology; and

e. draw from several sources and identify sources used.

8. Deliver informational presentations (e.g., expository, research) that:

a. demonstrate an understanding of the topic and present events or ideas in a logical sequence;

b. support the controlling idea or thesis with relevant facts, details, examples, quotations, statistics, stories and anecdotes;

c. include an effective introduction and conclusion and use a consistent organizational structure (e.g., cause-effect, compare-contrast);

d. use appropriate visual materials (e.g., diagrams, charts, illustrations) and available technology; and

e. draw from multiple sources and identify sources used.

8. Deliver informational presentations (e.g., expository, research) that:

a. demonstrate an understanding of the topic and present events or ideas in a logical sequence;

b. support the controlling idea or thesis with well-chosen and relevant facts, details, examples, quotations, statistics, stories and anecdotes;

c. include an effective introduction and conclusion and use a consistent organizational structure (e.g., cause-effect, compare-contrast, problem-solution);

d. use appropriate visual materials (e.g., diagrams, charts, illustrations) and available technology; and

e. draw from multiple sources and identify sources used.

Communication: Oral and Visual Standard

Grades 5-7

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades 5-7

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 5

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 6

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 7

E. Present ideas in a logical sequence and use effective introductions and conclusions that guide and inform a listener’s understanding of key ideas.

8. Deliver informational presentations (e.g., expository, research) that:

a. demonstrate an understanding of the topic and present events or ideas in a logical sequence;

c. organize information, including a clear introduction, body and conclusion and follow common organizational structures when appropriate (e.g., cause-effect, compare-contrast);

d. use appropriate visual materials (e.g., diagrams, charts, illustrations) and available technology; and

e. draw from several sources and identify sources used.

8. Deliver informational presentations (e.g., expository, research) that:

a. demonstrate an understanding of the topic and present events or ideas in a logical sequence;

c. include an effective introduction and use consistent organization structure (e.g., cause-effect, compare-contrast);

d. use appropriate visual materials (e.g., diagrams, charts, illustrations) and available technology; and

e. draw from multiple sources and identify sources used.

8. Deliver informational presentations (e.g., expository, research) that:

a. demonstrate an understanding of the topic and present events or ideas in a logical sequence;

c. include an effective introduction and conclusion and use a consistent organizational structure (e.g., cause-effect, compare-contrast, problem-solution);

d. use appropriate visual materials (e.g., diagrams, charts, illustrations) and available technology; and

e. draw from multiple sources and identify sources used.

Communication: Oral and Visual Standard Grades 5-7
Ohio Benchmarks Grades 5-7	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 5	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 6	Grade-Level Indicators Grade 7
F. Give presentations using a variety of delivery methods, visual materials and technology.	9. Deliver formal and informal descriptive presentations recalling an event or personal experience that convey relevant information and descriptive details. 10. Deliver persuasive presentations that: a. establish a clear position; b. include relevant evidence to support a position and to address potential concerns of listeners; and c. follow common organizational structures when appropriate (e.g., cause-effect, compare-contrast, problem-solution).	9. Deliver formal and informal descriptive presentations that convey relevant information and descriptive details. 10. Deliver persuasive presentations that: a. establish a clear position; b. include relevant evidence to support position and to address potential concerns of listeners; and c. follow common organizational structures when appropriate (e.g., cause-effect, compare-contrast, problem-solution).	9. Deliver formal and informal descriptive presentations that convey relevant information and descriptive details. 10. Deliver persuasive presentations that: a. establish a clear position; b. include relevant evidence to support position and to address counter-arguments; and c. consistently use common organizational structures as appropriate (e.g., cause-effect, compare-contrast).

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Early Learning Writing
K - 2 Writing
3 -4 Writing
5 - 7 Writing 8 -10 Writing
11 - 12Writing

Early Learning Reading
K - 3 Reading
4 -7 Reading
8 -10 Reading
11 -12 Reading

Early Learning Math
K - 2 Math 3 - 4 Math 5 - 7 Math
8 -10 Math
11 - 12 Math

Early Learning Social Studies
K -2 Social Studies 3 - 5 Social Studies
6 - 8 Social Studies
9 -10 Social Studies
11 - 12 Social Studies

Early Learning Science
K -2 Science 3 -5 Science
6 -8 Science
9 -10 Science
11 - 12 Science

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Early Learning Writing	K - 2 Writing	3 -4 Writing	5 - 7 Writing	8 -10 Writing	11 - 12Writing
Early Learning Reading	K - 3 Reading	4 -7 Reading	8 -10 Reading	11 -12 Reading
Early Learning Math	K - 2 Math	3 - 4 Math	5 - 7 Math	8 -10 Math	11 - 12 Math
Early Learning Social Studies	K -2 Social Studies	3 - 5 Social Studies	6 - 8 Social Studies	9 -10 Social Studies	11 - 12 Social Studies
Early Learning Science	K -2 Science	3 -5 Science	6 -8 Science	9 -10 Science	11 - 12 Science