Writing Process Standard

Grades K-2

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades K-2

Grade-Level Indicators

Kindergarten

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 1

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 2

D.      Use revision strategies and resources to improve ideas and content, organization, word choice and detail.

7.      Reread own writing.

8.      Use resources (e.g., a word wall) to enhance vocabulary.

5.      Organize writing to include a beginning, middle and end.

7.      Mimic language from literature when appropriate.

9.       Reread own writing for clarity.

10.   Add descriptive words and details.

11.   Use resources (e.g., a word wall, a beginner’s dictionary, word bank) to select effective vocabulary.

5.       Organize writing with a developed beginning, middle and end.

7.       Include transitional words and phrases.

8.       Use language for writing that is different from oral language, mimicking writing style of books when appropriate.

10.   Reread and assess writing for clarity, using a variety of methods (e.g., writer’s circle or author’s chair).

11.   Add descriptive words and details and delete extraneous information.

12.   Use resources (e.g., word wall, beginner’s dictionary and word bank) to select effective vocabulary.

Writing Process Standard

Grades K-2

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades K-2

Grade-Level Indicators

Kindergarten

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 1

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 2

E.      Edit to improve sentence fluency, grammar and usage.

6.       Use correct sentence structures when expressing thoughts and ideas.

6.       Construct complete sentences with subjects and verbs.

12.   Proofread writing to improve conventions (e.g., grammar, spelling, punctuation and capitalization).

6.       Use a range of complete sentences, including declarative, interrogative and exclamatory.

13.   Proofread writing to improve conventions (e.g., grammar, spelling, punctuation and capitalization).

F.       Apply tools to judge the quality of writing.

13.   Apply tools (e.g., rubric, checklist and feedback) to judge the quality of writing.

14.   Apply tools (e.g., rubric, checklist and feedback) to judge the quality of writing.

G.      Publish writing samples for display or sharing with others using techniques such as electronic resources and graphics.

9.       Rewrite and illustrate writing samples for display and for sharing with others.

8.       Use available technology to compose text.

14.   Rewrite and illustrate writing samples for display and for sharing with others.

9.       Use available technology to compose text.

15.   Rewrite and illustrate writing samples for display and for sharing with others.

Writing Applications Standard

Grades K-2

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades K-2

Grade-Level Indicators

Kindergarten

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 1

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 2

A.       Compose writings that convey a clear message and include well-chosen details.

1.       Dictate or write simple stories, using letters, words or pictures.

2.       Name or label objects or places.

3.       Write from left to right and from top to bottom.

4.       Dictate or write informal writings for various purposes.

1.       Write simple stories with a beginning, middle and end that include descriptive words and details.

1.       Write stories that convey a clear message, include details, use vivid language and move through a logical sequence of steps and events.

B.      Write responses to literature that demonstrate an understanding of the literary work.

2.       Write responses to stories that include simple judgments about the text.

2.       Write responses to stories by comparing text to other texts, or to people or events in their own lives.

Writing Applications Standard

Grades K-2

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades K-2

Grade-Level Indicators

Kindergarten

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 1

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 2

C.      Write friendly letters and invitations complete with date, salutation, body, closing and signature.

4.       Dictate or write informal writings for various purposes.

3.       Write friendly letters or invitations that follow a simple letter format.

3.       Write letters or invitations that include relevant information and follow letter format (e.g., date, proper salutation, body, closing and signature).

Writing Conventions Standard

Grades K-2

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades K-2

Grade-Level Indicators

Kindergarten

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 1

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 2

A.       Print legibly using appropriate spacing.

1.       Print capital and lowercase letters, correctly spacing the letters.

2.       Leave spaces between words when writing.

1.       Print legibly, and space letters, words and sentences appropriately.

1.       Print legibly, and space letters, words and sentences appropriately.

B.      Spell grade-appropriate words correctly.

Continued on page 2

3.       Show characteristics of early letter name-alphabetic spelling.

4.       Use some end consonant sounds when writing.

2.       Spell words correctly with regular short vowel patterns and most common long vowel words (e.g., time, name).

3.       Spell high frequency words correctly.

4.       Create phonetically-spelled written work that can usually be read by the write and others.

5.       Spell unfamiliar words using strategies such as segmenting, sounding out and matching familiar words and word parts.

2.       Spell words with consonant blends and digraphs.

3.       Spell regularly used and high- frequency words correctly.

4.       Spell words studied (e.g., word lists, text words) correctly.

5.       Spell plurals and verb tenses correctly.

6.       Begin to use spelling patterns and rules correctly (e.g., dropping silent e before adding -ing).

Writing Conventions Standard

Grades K-2

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades K-2

Grade-Level Indicators

Kindergarten

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 1

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 2

B.      Spell grade-appropriate words correctly.

7.       Use spelling strategies (e.g., word wall, word lists, thinking about the base word and affixes).

C.      Use conventions of punctuation and capitalization in written work.

5.       Place punctuation marks at the end of sentences.

6.       Use end punctuation correctly, including question marks, exclamation points and periods.

7.       Use correct capitalization (e.g., the first word in a sentence, names and the pronoun I).

8.       Use periods, question marks and exclamation points as endpoints correctly.

9.       Use quotation marks.

10.   Use correct punctuation for contractions and abbreviations.

11.   Use correct capitalization (e.g., proper nouns, the first word in a sentence, months and days).

Writing Conventions Standard

Grades K-2

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades K-2

Grade-Level Indicators

Kindergarten

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 1

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 2

D.      Use grammatical structures in written work.

8.       Use nouns, verbs and adjectives (descriptive words).

12.   Use nouns, verbs and adjectives correctly.

13.   Use subjects and verbs that are in agreement.

14.   Use personal pronouns.

15.   Use past and present verb tenses (e.g., “we were” rather than “we was”).

16.   Use nouns and pronouns that are in agreement.

Research Standard

Grades K-2

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades K-2

Grade-Level Indicators

Kindergarten

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 1

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 2

A.       Generate questions for investigation and gather information from a variety of sources.

1.       Ask questions about a topic being studied or an area of interest.

2.       Use books or observations to gather information, with teacher assistance, to explain a topic or unit of study.

1.       Discuss ideas for investigation about a topic or area of personal interest.

2.       Utilize appropriate searching techniques to gather information, with teacher assistance, from a variety of locations (e.g., classroom, school library, public library or community resources).

3.       Use books or observations to gather information to explain a topic or unit of study with teacher assistance.

1.       Create questions for investigations, assigned topic or personal area of interest.

2.       Utilize appropriate searching techniques to gather information from a variety of locations (e.g., classroom, school library, public library or community resources).

3.       Acquire information with teacher assistance, from multiple sources (e.g., books, magazines, videotapes, CD-ROM’s, Web sites) and collect data (e.g., interviews, experiments, observations or surveys) about the topic.

Research Standard

Grades K-2

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades K-2

Grade-Level Indicators

Kindergarten

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 1

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 2

B.      Retell important details and findings.

3.       Recall information about a topic, with teacher assistance.

4.       Share findings visually or orally.

4.       Recall information about a topic with teacher assistance.

5.       Report information to others.

4.       Identify important information and write brief notes about the information.

5.       Sort relevant information into categories about the topic with teacher assistance.

6.       Report important findings to others.

Communication: Oral and Visual Standard

Grades K-2

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades K-2

Grade-Level Indicators

Kindergarten

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 1

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 2

A.       Use active listening strategies to identify the main idea and to gain information from oral presentation.

1.       Listen attentively to speakers, stories, poems and songs.

1.       Use active listening skills, such as making eye contact or asking questions.

1.       Use active listening strategies, such as making eye contact and asking for clarification and explanation.

3.       Identify the main idea of oral presentations and visual media.

B.      Connect prior experiences, insights and ideas to those of a speaker.

2.       Connect what is heard with prior knowledge and experience.

2.       Compare what is heard with prior knowledge and experience.

2.       Compare what is heard with prior knowledge and experience.

C.      Follow multi-step directions.

3.       Follow simple oral directions.

3.       Follow simple oral directions.

4.       Follow two- and three-step oral directions.

Communication: Oral and Visual Standard

Grades K-2

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades K-2

Grade-Level Indicators

Kindergarten

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 1

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 2

D.      Speak clearly and at an appropriate pace and volume.

4.       Speak clearly and understandably.

4.       Speak clearly and understandably.

5.       Demonstrate an understanding of the rules of the English language.

6.       Select language appropriate to purpose and use clear diction and tone.

7.       Adjust volume to stress important ideas.

E.      Deliver a variety of presentations that include relevant information and a clear sense of purpose.

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5.       Deliver informal descriptive or informational presentations about ideas or experiences in logical order with a beginning, middle and end.

6.       Recite short poems, songs and nursery rhymes.

5.       Deliver brief informational presentations that:

a.       demonstrate an understanding of the topic;

b.       include and sort relevant information and details to develop topic;

c.       organize information with a clear beginning and ending; and

d.       express opinions.

8.       Deliver informational presentations that:

a.       present events or ideas in logical sequence and maintain a clear focus;

b.       demonstrate an understanding of the topic;

c.       include relevant facts and details to develop a topic;

d.       organize information with a clear beginning and ending;

Communication: Oral and Visual Standard

Grades K-2

Ohio Benchmarks

Grades K-2

Grade-Level Indicators

Kindergarten

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 1

Grade-Level Indicators

Grade 2

E.      Deliver a variety of presentations that include relevant information and a clear sense of purpose.

6.       Deliver brief informal descriptive presentations recalling an event or personal experience that convey relevant information and descriptive details.

7.       Deliver simple dramatic presentations (e.g., recite poems, rhymes, songs and stories).

e.       include diagrams, charts or illustrations as appropriate; and

f.         identify sources.

9.       Deliver formal and informal descriptive presentations recalling an event or personal experience that convey relevant information and descriptive details.

10.   Deliver simple dramatic presentations (e.g., recite poems, rhymes, songs and stories).